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    PracticeACCAACCA BT — Business & Technology Practice Exam 6Question 19
    Hard2 marksMultiple Choice
    Leadership and managementSection ASyllabus DMotivation

    ACCA · Question 19 · Leadership and management

    A sales representative for a quantum computing firm is offered a $50,000 bonus if they sell 10 units this quarter. The rep desperately wants the money to buy a house (high Valence). They believe that if they make 100 client calls, they will successfully sell 10 units (high Instrumentality). However, the rep lacks the technical knowledge to explain the product and feels incapable of making those 100 calls effectively. According to Vroom's Expectancy Theory, what will be the rep's overall motivation level, and why?

    Answer options:

    A.

    High, because Valence and Instrumentality are high.

    B.

    Low, because Expectancy is low.

    C.

    Low, because Instrumentality is low.

    D.

    High, because the financial reward overrides the lack of skills.

    How to approach this question

    Apply Vroom's formula: Force (Motivation) = Valence × Expectancy × Instrumentality. The rep lacks the belief that their effort will result in the required performance (Expectancy). Because it's a multiplication, a low Expectancy ruins the motivation.

    Full Answer

    B.Low, because Expectancy is low.✓ Correct
    Vroom's Expectancy Theory states Motivation = Valence (desire for reward) × Expectancy (belief that effort leads to performance) × Instrumentality (belief that performance leads to reward). The rep lacks Expectancy due to a lack of technical skills, resulting in low motivation.

    Common mistakes

    Confusing Expectancy (effort -> performance) with Instrumentality (performance -> reward).
    Question 18All questionsQuestion 20

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