Medium2 marksMultiple Choice
This question is part of a case study — click to read the full scenario(Case 21)

Section B - Case 2

PharmaNova is a pharmaceutical company with a financial year end of 31 December 20X5.
On 15 December 20X5, a patient filed a lawsuit against PharmaNova for $2 million, claiming side effects from a drug. Legal counsel advises there is a 60% probability PharmaNova will lose the case and have to pay the full $2 million.
On 28 December 20X5, the board decided to close a research facility. A detailed formal plan was drawn up, but it was not communicated to the affected employees until 5 January 20X6. The estimated closure costs are $500,000.
On 10 January 20X6, a major wholesale customer went bankrupt. The customer owed PharmaNova $300,000 at 31 December 20X5.
On 1 February 20X6, PharmaNova decided to change its inventory valuation method from FIFO to Weighted Average to better reflect its business model.

Question:
How should PharmaNova account for the lawsuit in its financial statements for the year ended 31 December 20X5?

ACCA · Question 24 · IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors

Section B - Case 2

PharmaNova is a pharmaceutical company with a financial year end of 31 December 20X5.
On 15 December 20X5, a patient filed a lawsuit against PharmaNova for $2 million, claiming side effects from a drug. Legal counsel advises there is a 60% probability PharmaNova will lose the case and have to pay the full $2 million.
On 28 December 20X5, the board decided to close a research facility. A detailed formal plan was drawn up, but it was not communicated to the affected employees until 5 January 20X6. The estimated closure costs are $500,000.
On 10 January 20X6, a major wholesale customer went bankrupt. The customer owed PharmaNova $300,000 at 31 December 20X5.
On 1 February 20X6, PharmaNova decided to change its inventory valuation method from FIFO to Weighted Average to better reflect its business model.

Question:
How should the change in inventory valuation method be accounted for in the 20X5 financial statements?

Answer options:

A.

It is a change in accounting estimate and must be applied prospectively.

B.

It is a change in accounting policy and must be applied retrospectively.

C.

It is a change in accounting policy and must be applied prospectively.

D.

It is a prior period error and must be applied retrospectively.

How to approach this question

Identify whether changing an inventory cost formula is a change in policy or a change in estimate. Then apply the IAS 8 rule for that type of change (Retrospective for Policy/Errors, Prospective for Estimates).

Full Answer

B.It is a change in accounting policy and must be applied retrospectively.✓ Correct
According to IAS 8, changing the cost formula for inventory (e.g., from FIFO to Weighted Average) is a change in accounting policy, because it changes the measurement basis. Changes in accounting policy must be applied retrospectively, meaning the comparative figures for prior periods must be restated as if the new policy had always been applied, and opening retained earnings adjusted.

Common mistakes

Confusing a change in policy with a change in estimate (like changing the useful life of an asset, which is prospective).

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