Medium2 marksMultiple Choice
Budgeting and ControlVariance AnalysisPlanning and Operational VariancesSyllabus Area D
This question is part of a case study — click to read the full scenario(Case 21)

Section B - Case 2: Verdant Yields

Verdant Yields produces organic liquid fertilizer by blending two materials: Nitrogen-rich (N) and Phosphorus-rich (P).

Standard data to produce 10 liters of fertilizer:
Material N: 8 liters at $5 per liter
Material P: 4 liters at $10 per liter
(Total standard input = 12 liters. Standard cost = $80).

Actual data for the month:
Output produced: 950 liters of fertilizer.
Material N purchased and used: 840 liters at $4.80 per liter.
Material P purchased and used: 360 liters at $10.50 per liter.

What is the Total Material Price Variance for the month?

ACCA · Question 25 · Budgeting and Control

Section B - Case 2: Verdant Yields

Verdant Yields is considering implementing Planning and Operational variances. It was discovered that the global market price for Material P unexpectedly spiked due to a mining shortage, causing the standard price of $10 to be highly unrealistic.

If Verdant Yields calculates Planning and Operational price variances, who should be held accountable for the Adverse Operational Price Variance?

Answer options:

A.

The Purchasing Manager, for the entire difference between the original standard price and the actual price paid.

B.

The Planning Department, for failing to predict the mining shortage.

C.

The Purchasing Manager, but only for the difference between the revised standard price and the actual price paid.

D.

The Production Manager, because they control the mix of materials used.

How to approach this question

Understand the split: Planning variance = Original Standard vs Revised Standard (uncontrollable market factors). Operational variance = Revised Standard vs Actual (controllable performance).

Full Answer

C.The Purchasing Manager, but only for the difference between the revised standard price and the actual price paid.✓ Correct
Planning and Operational variances separate uncontrollable market movements from controllable management performance. The Planning variance (Original Standard vs Revised Standard) is caused by the market spike. The Operational variance (Revised Standard vs Actual Price) reflects the Purchasing Manager's actual performance in negotiating against the new market reality, and they are accountable for this portion.

Common mistakes

Holding the purchasing manager accountable for the entire variance (traditional approach) when the prompt specifically asks about the Operational variance.

Practice the full ACCA PM — Performance Management Practice Exam 5

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