Hard1 markMultiple Choice
Area II: Risk AssessmentAUDAnalytical ProceduresRisk Assessment

CPA · Question 09 · Area II: Risk Assessment

During the planning phase of an audit of a manufacturing nonissuer, the auditor performs analytical procedures on the entity's gross margin. The auditor notes that the gross margin percentage has increased significantly from the prior year, while industry competitors have seen a decline due to rising raw material costs. Which of the following is the MOST likely audit risk indicated by this finding?

Answer options:

A.

The entity has failed to record a liability for warranty claims.

B.

Ending inventory may be overstated, or cost of goods sold understated.

C.

Sales returns and allowances have been overstated.

D.

The entity has capitalized repair and maintenance costs that should have been expensed.

How to approach this question

Use the Gross Margin formula: (Sales - COGS) / Sales. If GM is high, either Sales are fake (high) or COGS is low. If COGS is low, Ending Inventory might be high (fake inventory).

Full Answer

B.Ending inventory may be overstated, or cost of goods sold understated.✓ Correct
B
An unexplained increase in gross margin, especially when contrary to industry trends (rising costs), suggests that Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) is understated. The most common reason for understated COGS in a manufacturing environment is the overstatement of Ending Inventory (since COGS = Opening Inventory + Purchases - Ending Inventory).

Common mistakes

Focusing on sales volume rather than the margin percentage relationship.

Practice the full CPA AUD Practice Exam 2

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