A healthcare provider stores patient records in a cloud database. To comply with HIPAA, they must ensure that even if the database storage media is stolen, the data remains unreadable. Which control is MOST appropriate to address this specific risk?

Answer options:

Encryption in transit

Encryption at rest

Tokenization

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

How to approach this question

Identify the state of the data. 'Storage media' implies the data is sitting on a disk (At Rest).

Full Answer

B.Encryption at rest✓ Correct

Encryption at rest ensures that the underlying data files are encrypted. If the physical media is removed or accessed at the file system level without the decryption key, the data is useless.

Common mistakes

Confusing 'at rest' (storage) with 'in transit' (network).

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