Medium2 marksMultiple Choice

ACCA · Question 20 · Specialist cost and management accounting techniques

Section B - Case 1: AeroDrone Tech

AeroDrone Tech is an agricultural technology startup developing the 'AgriScout', a drone designed to monitor crop health. Market research indicates that large-scale farms would be willing to pay $1,200 for such a drone. AeroDrone's investors require a profit margin of 20% on the selling price. The current estimated production cost of the AgriScout is $1,050.

AeroDrone is also considering launching a data-analysis subscription service.

Why is target costing generally more difficult to apply to services than to manufactured goods like the drone?

Answer options:

A.

Services do not have a selling price determined by the market.

B.

Services are intangible and heterogeneous, making it difficult to define a standard unit and strip out specific 'components' to save costs.

C.

Service companies do not require a profit margin.

D.

Labor costs in services are always fixed, so costs cannot be reduced.

How to approach this question

Consider the characteristics of services (intangibility, inseparability, variability, perishability) and how they affect cost measurement and reduction.

Full Answer

B.Services are intangible and heterogeneous, making it difficult to define a standard unit and strip out specific 'components' to save costs.✓ Correct
Target costing relies heavily on value engineering—analyzing the physical components of a product to find cheaper alternatives without reducing perceived value. Services are intangible and heterogeneous (variable), meaning there is no physical product to deconstruct, and the 'quality' of the service often depends heavily on the specific employee delivering it at that moment, making cost reduction much more complex.

Common mistakes

Assuming target costing cannot be used in services at all. It can, but it is more difficult.

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