Trilobites A and B are now extinct. Give three possible causes of extinction.

Extinction is the permanent loss of a species. It can be caused by a variety of factors: - **Environmental Change:** Gradual or rapid changes in climate (e.g., an ice age or global warming) can make a habitat unsuitable for a species that cannot adapt quickly enough. - **New Competitors:** A new species might evolve or be introduced that outcompetes the existing species for food, water, or shelter. - **New Predators:** The evolution or arrival of a new, efficient predator can wipe out a prey species that has no effective defence. - **New Diseases:** A new pathogen can spread through a species that has no immunity, causing mass death. - **Catastrophic Events:** A single major event, such as a large asteroid impact or a massive volcanic eruption, can cause widespread destruction and rapid climate change, leading to mass extinctions.