State four functions of an operating system.

Think of the operating system (OS) as the manager of the computer. Its main job is to handle all the complex background tasks so that you and your applications can work smoothly. Four key functions are: 1. **Memory Management:** The OS is responsible for allocating portions of RAM to programs that are running and ensuring they don't interfere with each other. When a program closes, the OS reclaims the memory. 2. **Process Management (Multitasking):** The OS manages how the CPU divides its time between different running processes. It schedules which process gets to use the CPU and for how long, creating the illusion that multiple programs are running at the same time. 3. **File Management:** The OS provides a file system for organising data into files and folders on secondary storage devices (like hard drives or SSDs). It handles creating, deleting, reading, and writing files. 4. **Peripheral Management:** The OS communicates with and controls all hardware devices connected to the computer, such as keyboards, mice, printers, and monitors, often using software called device drivers.