Medium3 marksStructured
AQA GCSE · Question 10.2 · Statistical Measures and Calculations
Once the race is run, Angelina notes the order in which the competitors finished, from 1st to 15th position. She also ranks the resting heart rate data from lowest to highest. She calculates that the value of Σd² = 60, where d is the difference in the ranks. Show that the value of Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient (SRCC) is 0.89 (to 2 decimal places).
Use SRCC = 1 - (6Σd²) / (n(n² - 1))
Once the race is run, Angelina notes the order in which the competitors finished, from 1st to 15th position. She also ranks the resting heart rate data from lowest to highest. She calculates that the value of Σd² = 60, where d is the difference in the ranks. Show that the value of Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient (SRCC) is 0.89 (to 2 decimal places).
Use SRCC = 1 - (6Σd²) / (n(n² - 1))
How to approach this question
1. **Identify the given values**:
* Σd² = 60
* n (number of people) = 15
2. **Write down the formula**: SRCC = 1 - (6Σd²) / (n(n² - 1))
3. **Substitute the values into the formula**:
* SRCC = 1 - (6 * 60) / (15 * (15² - 1))
4. **Calculate the numerator**: 6 * 60 = 360.
5. **Calculate the denominator**:
* 15² = 225
* 15² - 1 = 224
* 15 * 224 = 3360
6. **Complete the fraction**: 360 / 3360.
7. **Calculate the value of the fraction**: 360 / 3360 = 0.10714...
8. **Perform the final subtraction**: 1 - 0.10714... = 0.89285...
9. **Round to 2 decimal places**: 0.89.
Full Answer
We are given:
- Σd² = 60
- n = 15 (fifteen people)
Substitute these values into the formula for Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient (SRCC):
SRCC = 1 - (6 * Σd²) / (n * (n² - 1))
SRCC = 1 - (6 * 60) / (15 * (15² - 1))
SRCC = 1 - 360 / (15 * (225 - 1))
SRCC = 1 - 360 / (15 * 224)
SRCC = 1 - 360 / 3360
SRCC = 1 - 0.10714...
SRCC = 0.89285...
Rounding to 2 decimal places, SRCC = 0.89.
This question requires substituting given values into the formula for Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient (SRCC) and calculating the result.
The formula is:
SRCC = 1 - (6Σd²) / (n(n² - 1))
We are given:
- The number of competitors, n = 15.
- The sum of the squared differences in ranks, Σd² = 60.
**Step 1: Substitute the values into the formula.**
SRCC = 1 - (6 × 60) / (15 × (15² - 1))
**Step 2: Calculate the numerator.**
6 × 60 = 360
**Step 3: Calculate the denominator.**
n(n² - 1) = 15 × (225 - 1)
= 15 × 224
= 3360
**Step 4: Substitute these back into the formula.**
SRCC = 1 - (360 / 3360)
**Step 5: Calculate the fraction and the final value.**
SRCC = 1 - 0.107142...
SRCC = 0.892857...
**Step 6: Round to 2 decimal places.**
SRCC ≈ 0.89
The calculation shows that the value of SRCC is 0.89 to 2 decimal places.
Common mistakes
✗ Using the wrong value for n (e.g., using 60).
✗ Errors in the order of operations (BODMAS/BIDMAS), for example, calculating (15*15) - 1 instead of 15 * (15² - 1).
✗ Rounding too early in the calculation, which can lead to an inaccurate final answer.
Practice the full AQA GCSE Statistics Higher Tier Paper 1
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