Medium2 marksStructured
Data Collection and Sampling Methodssamplingrandom samplingdata collectionHigher

AQA GCSE · Question 06.4 · Data Collection and Sampling Methods

Tom reads that HS2 will link 29 stations. He decides to take a random sample of 5 of the stations where he can ask people for their opinions. Briefly describe a way Tom could achieve this.

How to approach this question

To create a simple random sample, every item in the population must have an equal chance of being selected. Describe a two-step process: first, how to create a "sampling frame" (a list of all the items), and second, how to select from that list randomly.

Full Answer

1. Assign a unique number to each of the 29 stations, from 1 to 29. 2. Use a random number generator (or pull numbers from a hat) to select 5 unique numbers between 1 and 29. 3. The 5 stations corresponding to these numbers will form the random sample.
A simple random sample is a subset of a statistical population in which each member of the subset has an equal probability of being chosen. The method involves two key stages: \n1. **Create a Sampling Frame:** This is a list of all the items in the population. In this case, Tom would list all 29 stations and assign each a number from 1 to 29. \n2. **Random Selection:** Use a random process to select 5 items from the frame. This could be done by: \n - Using a calculator or computer's random number generator to produce 5 unique integers between 1 and 29. \n - Writing each number on a separate piece of paper, placing them in a container (a "hat"), mixing them, and drawing out 5 papers without looking.

Common mistakes

✗ Describing a different sampling method like systematic or stratified.\n✗ Being too vague, e.g., "pick 5 stations at random". You must describe *how* to pick them randomly.

Practice the full AQA GCSE Statistics Higher Tier Paper 2

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