Hard1 markMultiple Choice
Domain 4.1: Compute SolutionsDomain 4AKSNetworkingAzure CNI
This question is part of a case study — click to read the full scenario(Case 51)

CASE STUDY: Contoso Manufacturing

Overview: Contoso Ltd is a global manufacturing company with 50,000 employees across 30 countries. They currently operate a mix of on-premises infrastructure (500 VMware VMs across 5 data centers) and Azure (20 subscriptions with 100+ VMs and various PaaS services). Their annual IT budget is $50 million, with plans to migrate 70% of workloads to Azure within 2 years.

Business Requirements: The company needs to reduce IT costs by 30%, improve disaster recovery (current RTO: 24 hours -> target: 2 hours), enhance security posture to meet ISO 27001 and SOC 2 compliance, and enable remote work for 80% of employees. All solutions must support future growth of 20% annually.

Technical Constraints: Some legacy applications cannot be modified and must run on Windows Server 2012 R2. Network connectivity requires 10 Gbps throughput to Azure with <20ms latency. GDPR compliance mandates that EU customer data must remain in European Azure regions.

Question:
To meet the security and compliance requirements, Contoso wants to ensure that all outbound internet traffic from their Azure Virtual Networks is inspected and filtered centrally.

Which network architecture should you implement?

AZ-305 · Question 52 · Domain 4.1: Compute Solutions

CASE STUDY: Contoso Manufacturing

Overview: Contoso Ltd is a global manufacturing company with 50,000 employees across 30 countries. They currently operate a mix of on-premises infrastructure (500 VMware VMs across 5 data centers) and Azure (20 subscriptions with 100+ VMs and various PaaS services). Their annual IT budget is $50 million, with plans to migrate 70% of workloads to Azure within 2 years.

Business Requirements: The company needs to reduce IT costs by 30%, improve disaster recovery (current RTO: 24 hours -> target: 2 hours), enhance security posture to meet ISO 27001 and SOC 2 compliance, and enable remote work for 80% of employees. All solutions must support future growth of 20% annually.

Technical Constraints: Some legacy applications cannot be modified and must run on Windows Server 2012 R2. Network connectivity requires 10 Gbps throughput to Azure with <20ms latency. GDPR compliance mandates that EU customer data must remain in European Azure regions.

Question:
Contoso is modernizing a subset of their applications using Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS). These new microservices must communicate directly with the legacy Windows Server 2012 R2 VMs residing in a peered Azure VNet.

Which AKS networking plugin must you use to ensure the pods get IP addresses from the VNet, allowing direct routing to the legacy VMs?

Answer options:

A.

Kubenet

B.

Azure CNI

C.

Flannel

D.

Calico

How to approach this question

Differentiate between Kubenet (NAT) and Azure CNI (direct VNet IPs).

Full Answer

B.Azure CNI✓ Correct
Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) supports two primary networking models. Kubenet uses NAT; pods get IPs from a hidden space, and traffic is NAT'd through the node's IP. Azure CNI (Container Network Interface) assigns every pod an IP address directly from the Azure Virtual Network subnet. Because the pods have native VNet IPs, they can route directly to other Azure resources (like the legacy VMs) across VNet peering without requiring NAT.

Common mistakes

Confusing Calico with Azure CNI. Calico handles security policies (firewalling between pods), while Azure CNI handles the IP addressing and routing.

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