English Language

A relational database has been developed for a youth club to store information about their members and the awards they are given. The database contains two tables: Member and Award. Figure 4 shows some data from the tables.
Define the term relational database.

State one benefit of using relational databases.

State the name of the field from the Member table that is the most suitable to use as the primary key.

State the name of the field from the Award table that is a foreign key.

The youth club needs to produce a report listing the members who have been given the Leader award. The report must include both names of each member and the date the award was presented. The results must be in order of the date the awards were presented, starting with the earliest.
Write an SQL query that could be used to find this information.

A new member joins the youth club. The following SQL is run to add their details to the database:
INSERT INTO A (B) VALUES (5, 'Alina', 'Ahmed', '2020-11-30')
Some of the SQL has been replaced by labels. State the SQL that should have been written in place of the labels A and B.

SOURCE TEXT:
Mary felt the stillness first, a heavy blanket smothering the morning's potential. She had been in this parched land for six months, and the silence of the heat was now a familiar foe. Her skin, once pale and soft, was perpetually tight, a size too small for her bones. She longed for the damp chill of an English winter, for the sight of rain on a windowpane, for anything other than this relentless, glaring sun that bleached the very colour from her thoughts.
As time passed, the heat became an obsession. Outside, there was a rough heap of giant boulders, and she would watch the heat-waves beat up out of the hot stone, where the heat lizards, vivid red and blue and emerald, darted over the rocks like flames. Inside, she could not bear the sapping, undermining waves that beat down from the iron roof. Even the usually active dogs used to lie all day on the verandah. Mary could hear them panting softly, or whining with exasperation because of the flies. She would lock them out of the house, and in the middle of the morning she would tell a worker to carry a petrol tin full of lukewarm water into the bedroom, and, having made sure he was out of the house, she stood in a basin on the brick floor, pouring it over her. The scattering drops fell on the porous brick, which hissed with dryness.
It was this small ritual that Dick found so infuriating. He came in from the fields that afternoon, his face a mask of dust and fury, kicking the door shut behind him. "Wasting water again, Mary?" he snapped, his voice raw. "Do you have any idea how precious that is out here?" She flinched, clutching the damp towel to her chest. "It was just a little," she whispered, her voice barely audible. "I couldn't bear it." His eyes, narrowed against the sun, were cold. "You can't bear it? What about me, out there since dawn? What about the crops? You sit in here, playing with water, while everything we have turns to dust." He gestured wildly at the cracked earth visible through the window. "You're weak. You don't belong here." The words struck her harder than a physical blow. She was powerless, a wilting flower in his desert, and his anger was the scorching wind that threatened to tear her petals from their stem. He saw her silence not as shock, but as defiance, and his frustration mounted. "Say something!" he roared, but she had no words left.

QUESTIONS:
Read again the first part of the source from lines 1 to 6.

List four things about Mary from this part of the source.

Look in detail at this extract, from lines 7 to 17 of the source:

As time passed, the heat became an obsession. Outside, there was a rough heap of giant boulders, and she would watch the heat-waves beat up out of the hot stone, where the heat lizards, vivid red and blue and emerald, darted over the rocks like flames. Inside, she could not bear the sapping, undermining waves that beat down from the iron roof. Even the usually active dogs used to lie all day on the verandah. Mary could hear them panting softly, or whining with exasperation because of the flies. She would lock them out of the house, and in the middle of the morning she would tell a worker to carry a petrol tin full of lukewarm water into the bedroom, and, having made sure he was out of the house, she stood in a basin on the brick floor, pouring it over her. The scattering drops fell on the porous brick, which hissed with dryness.

How does the writer use language here to describe the effects of the heat?

You could include the writer's choice of:

• words and phrases
• language features and techniques
• sentence forms.

You now need to think about the whole of the source.

This text is taken from the middle of a novel.

How has the writer structured the text to interest you as a reader?

You could write about:

• what the writer focuses your attention on at the beginning of the source
• how and why the writer changes this focus as the source develops
• any other structural features that interest you.

Focus this part of your answer on the second part of the source, from line 18 to the end.

A student said, "Dick's anger towards Mary is really unfair. The writer makes it clear that Mary is totally powerless in this relationship."

To what extent do you agree?

In your response you could:

• consider whether Dick's anger is unfair
• evaluate how the writer presents Mary and Dick's relationship
• support your response with references to the text.

A magazine has asked for contributions for their creative writing section.

Either

Write a description of a very hot place as suggested by this picture:

[A picture showing a vast, dry, cracked-earth landscape under a hazy, orange sky. A bright, white sun hangs in the sky, and distant, hazy mountains are visible on the horizon. The foreground is detailed, showing the texture of the parched ground.]

or

Write a story about a disagreement.