[Section A] An aerospace engineering firm organizes its staff so that an engineer reports to both the 'Head of Mechanical Engineering' (for technical standards and appraisals) and the 'Project Manager for the Mars Rover' (for daily task assignments). What type of organizational structure is this?

Answer options:

Functional structure

Divisional structure

Matrix structure

Entrepreneurial structure

How to approach this question

Identify the key feature: dual reporting lines (two bosses).

Full Answer

C.Matrix structure✓ Correct

A matrix structure combines functional and divisional/project structures. Employees have dual reporting relationships - generally to a functional manager (who oversees their professional development) and a product/project manager (who directs their daily work).

Common mistakes

Assuming this is just a complex functional structure. The defining trait of a matrix is the deliberate violation of the 'unity of command' principle (having two bosses).

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