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    PracticeAQA GCSEAQA GCSE Chemistry Higher Tier Paper 1Question 02.7
    Easy1 markMultiple Choice
    Atomic structure and the periodic tableHigherhalogensperiodic trendsboiling point

    AQA GCSE · Question 02.7 · Atomic structure and the periodic table

    Which of the following describes the trends going down Group 7?

    Answer options:

    A.

    Relative molecular mass decreases and boiling point decreases.

    B.

    Relative molecular mass decreases and boiling point increases.

    C.

    Relative molecular mass increases and boiling point decreases.

    D.

    Relative molecular mass increases and boiling point increases.

    How to approach this question

    1. Consider the trend in atomic size and mass as you go down any group in the periodic table. What happens to the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons? How does this affect the relative molecular mass (for diatomic halogen molecules)? 2. Consider the trend in boiling point for the halogens. Think about the intermolecular forces between the diatomic molecules (F₂, Cl₂, Br₂, I₂). How does the strength of these forces change as the molecules get larger?

    Full Answer

    D.Relative molecular mass increases and boiling point increases.✓ Correct
    Relative molecular mass increases and boiling point increases.
    As you go down Group 7 from fluorine to iodine: 1. **Relative Molecular Mass:** The atoms of each element have more protons, neutrons, and electrons than the one above it. This means the atomic mass increases. Since halogens exist as diatomic molecules (e.g., F₂, Cl₂), their relative molecular mass also increases. 2. **Boiling Point:** The forces between the halogen molecules are weak intermolecular forces (van der Waals forces). As the molecules get larger and have more electrons, the strength of these intermolecular forces increases. More energy is required to overcome these stronger forces to separate the molecules during boiling, so the boiling point increases. (F₂ is a gas, Cl₂ is a gas, Br₂ is a liquid, I₂ is a solid at room temperature).

    Common mistakes

    ✗ Confusing the trend in reactivity (which decreases) with trends in physical properties like boiling point (which increases). ✗ Thinking that larger molecules have weaker forces.
    Question 02.6All questionsQuestion 03.1

    Practice the full AQA GCSE Chemistry Higher Tier Paper 1

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