ExpertEasy2 marksExtended Response
AQA GCSE · Question 18.1 · Cognition and Behaviour
Two teachers are having a conversation about a student.
Mr Taylor: "I am really worried about Jana. She is not enthusiastic about learning during lessons and does not complete her homework. Her test scores are getting worse. What can I do to help her?"
Mr Rogers: "Maybe you need to increase Jana's level of self-efficacy."
Outline one example of how Mr Taylor can use praise to improve Jana's learning.
Two teachers are having a conversation about a student.
Mr Taylor: "I am really worried about Jana. She is not enthusiastic about learning during lessons and does not complete her homework. Her test scores are getting worse. What can I do to help her?"
Mr Rogers: "Maybe you need to increase Jana's level of self-efficacy."
Outline one example of how Mr Taylor can use praise to improve Jana's learning.
How to approach this question
Think about the different types of praise. Praise can be focused on innate ability ('You're smart') or on effort and process ('You worked hard'). According to theories like Dweck's, which type is more effective for improving learning? Provide a concrete example of what Mr Taylor could say to Jana.
Full Answer
Mr Taylor could use praise that focuses on Jana's effort rather than her ability. For example, if Jana completes a difficult piece of homework, instead of saying "You're so clever," he could say, "I can see you worked really hard on this, you didn't give up even when it was tricky." This type of praise encourages a growth mindset and makes Jana more likely to persevere in the future.
Praise can be a powerful tool for motivation, but its effectiveness depends on how it is used. According to Carol Dweck's research, praising effort and strategy ('process praise') is more beneficial than praising intelligence or talent ('person praise'). Process praise encourages a 'growth mindset,' the belief that abilities can be developed through dedication and hard work. When Mr Taylor praises Jana's effort, he is reinforcing the idea that her success is within her control, which can increase her motivation, persistence, and ultimately, her learning outcomes.
Common mistakes
Giving a vague answer like 'praise her more'. Providing an example of ineffective praise, such as 'You are so clever', which can promote a fixed mindset.
Practice the full AQA GCSE Psychology Paper 1
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